Risk Aware Cybersecurity Governance Model with Real Time Threat Intelligence Integration and Predictive Anomaly Detection for Enterprise Network Infrastructures
Keywords:
cybersecurity governance, predictive anomaly, machine learning, threat intelligence, risk exposureAbstract
The increasing sophistication of cyber threats has rendered traditional cybersecurity models insufficient in safeguarding enterprise networks. This study introduces a risk aware cybersecurity governance model that integrates real time threat intelligence with predictive anomaly detection to proactively mitigate potential threats. By leveraging advanced machine learning and AI techniques, the model enhances the ability to identify and address cyber threats before they can escalate into significant incidents. The model’s ability to predict anomalies, analyze real time threat intelligence feeds, and provide early warnings allows for faster response times and reduced risk exposure compared to traditional reactive models. Through simulations and real-world use cases, the proposed model demonstrated a 30% reduction in response time and a 25% decrease in overall risk exposure, showing its potential to improve security decision-making and resilience in dynamic threat environments. Unlike traditional models that rely on static rules and periodic policies, the proposed model uses predictive analytics to stay ahead of evolving threats, ensuring continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation. This proactive approach enhances organizational resilience, particularly in handling sophisticated cyber threats such as ransomware, malware, and phishing attacks. Despite its effectiveness, challenges such as data overload, scalability, and the need for interpretability in AI models remain. Future research will focus on refining predictive models, improving scalability for larger networks, and enhancing the explainability of machine learning models to foster greater trust in automated cybersecurity systems. This study contributes to the ongoing evolution of cybersecurity governance by demonstrating the value of integrating predictive and real time monitoring technologies for enhanced threat detection and mitigation.
References
[1] Y. Yang, J. Lu, K.-K. R. Choo, and J. K. Liu, “On lightweight security enforcement in cyber-physical systems,” Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. (including Subser. Lect. Notes Artif. Intell. Lect. Notes Bioinformatics), vol. 9542, pp. 97 – 112, 2016, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-29078-2_6.
[2] A. Gallais and Y. Imine, Cybersecurity of industrial cyber-physical systems. 2022. doi: 10.1002/9781119987420.ch6.
[3] S. Dolev, E. Gudes, and D. Shlomo, “Bloom Filter Look-Up Tables for Private and Secure Distributed Databases in Web3,” Lect. Notes Comput. Sci., vol. 15722 LNCS, pp. 233 – 250, 2025, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-96590-6_13.
[4] E. B. M. Bashier, M. A. Hassouna, and T. Ben Jabeur, “Towards certficateless public key infrastructure: A practical alternative of the traditional pki,” J. Theor. Appl. Inf. Technol., vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 136 – 150, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079785948&partnerID=40&md5=a322e938c8cdcb151b20632c0d6bae8b
[5] M. Yildiz and S. Bahtiyar, “A Novel Key Management Framework for Secure and Scalable Decentralized Identity Systems,” in 2024 17th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks, SIN 2024, 2024. doi: 10.1109/SIN63213.2024.10871880.
[6] P. Herbke, T. Cory, and M. Migliardi, “Decentralized Credential Status Management: A Paradigm Shift in Digital Trust,” in 2024 6th Conference on Blockchain Research and Applications for Innovative Networks and Services, BRAINS 2024, 2024. doi: 10.1109/BRAINS63024.2024.10732832.
[7] B. N. Eddine, A. Ouaddah, and A. Mezrioui, “Blockchain-Based Self Sovereign Identity Systems: High-Level Processing and a Challenges-Based Comparative Analysis,” Lect. Notes Networks Syst., vol. 637 LNNS, pp. 489–500, 2023, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-26384-2_42.
[8] G. Sowmya, R. Sridevi, K. S. Sadasiva Rao, and S. G. Shiramshetty, The role of blockchain in cyber physical systems. 2024. doi: 10.4018/979-8-3693-5728-6.ch001.
[9] M. I. Hussain, M. K. I. Bhuiyan, S. A. Sumon, S. Akter, M. I. Hossain, and A. Akther, “Enhancing Data Integrity and Traceability in Industry Cyber Physical Systems (ICPS) through Blockchain Technology: A Comprehensive Approach,” Adv. Artif. Intell. Mach. Learn., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 2883 – 2907, 2024, doi: 10.54364/AAIML.2024.44168.
[10] A. K. Das, B. Bera, S. Saha, N. Kumar, I. You, and H.-C. Chao, “AI-Envisioned Blockchain-Enabled Signature-Based Key Management Scheme for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems,” IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 6374 – 6388, 2022, doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3109314.
[11] B. V Kiran, S. D. Shetty, V. V. Shetty, P. P. Shetty, and V. ShivaKumar, “Fortifying IoT Networks: A Blockchain-Based Communication Security Paradigm,” in Proceedings - 2024 IEEE 16th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies, CICN 2024, 2024, pp. 629 – 635. doi: 10.1109/CICN63059.2024.10847439.
[12] N. R. R. Paul, P. P. Shekhar, C. Singh, and P. R. Kumar, “SAIF-Cnet: Self-attention improved faster convolutional neural network for decentralized blockchain-based key management protocol,” Wirel. Networks, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 3211–3228, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11276-024-03728-y.
[13] A. A. Yaseen, K. Patel, A. J. Y. Aldarwish, and A. A. Yassin, “Decentralized EHR Exchange in Healthcare: Enhancing Privacy and Security with Blockchain and Cryptographic Techniques,” Commun. Comput. Inf. Sci., vol. 2428 CCIS, pp. 235 – 246, 2025, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-86302-8_15.
[14] K. N. B. S. Lakshmi and B. N. Keshavamurthy, “Blockchain-Driven Key Management for Secure IoT,” in 2024 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Distributed Systems Security, ICBDS 2024, 2024. doi: 10.1109/ICBDS61829.2024.10837010.
[15] V. Sujatha, A. P. Joy, R. Naveen Kumar, R. Preethi, and R. Rashmika, “Blockchain-Enhanced Zero-Trust Architecture for Secure Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks,” in Proceedings - 4th International Conference on Smart Technologies, Communication and Robotics 2025, STCR 2025, 2025. doi: 10.1109/STCR62650.2025.11019336.
[16] J. Hou, C. Peng, and H. Li, “A Lightweight Blockchain-Based Group Key Management Scheme for IoT Networks,” IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput., 2025, doi: 10.1109/TDSC.2025.3647156.
[17] S. S. Chaeikar, M. Alizadeh, M. H. Tadayon, and A. Jolfaei, “An intelligent cryptographic key management model for secure communications in distributed industrial intelligent systems,” Int. J. Intell. Syst., vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 10158 – 10171, 2022, doi: 10.1002/int.22435.
[18] G. Singh, A. Rajesh, S. Saraswat, A. Middha, and V. Patil, “Blockchain Technology the Leading Area over the World and Navigating the Blockchain Landscape,” in International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Practices in Engineering and Management 2024, IIPEM 2024, 2024. doi: 10.1109/IIPEM62726.2024.10925654.
[19] S. Khan, P. A. F. L. Martins, B. Sousa, and V. Pereira, “A Comprehensive Review on Lightweight Cryptographic Mechanisms for Industrial Internet of Things Systems,” ACM Comput. Surv., vol. 58, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.1145/3757734.
[20] C. Lipps, S. D. Antón, and H. D. Schotten, “Enabling trust in IIoT: An physec based approach,” in 14th International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security, ICCWS 2019, 2019, pp. 663 – 672. [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85066041752&partnerID=40&md5=6643e5847ad72231e595c68e4c3f5a67
[21] A. K. Tyagi, Blockchain technology: values, challenges, and possible applications from an industry perspective. 2025. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-443-33498-6.00027-3.
[22] G. Ra, S.-H. Kim, and I. Lee, “Identity Access Management via ECC Stateless Derived Key Based Hierarchical Blockchain for the Industrial Internet of Things,” IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst., vol. E105D, no. 11, pp. 1857 – 1871, 2022, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2022NGP0003.
[23] A. K. Pal, A. K. Raikwar, and M. Singh, “Securing Smart Contracts against Re-entrancy Attacks,” in Proceedings of International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics, IC3I 2023, 2023, pp. 67 – 70. doi: 10.1109/IC3I59117.2023.10397631.
[24] S. Aghili, Leveraging Blockchain Technology: Governance, Risk, Compliance, Security, and Benevolent Use Cases. 2024. doi: 10.1201/9781003462033.
[25] M. S and Poongodi, Challenges and Opportunities of Blockchain. 2025. doi: 10.1002/9781394238033.ch2.
[26] S. Subrahmanyam, Blockchain technology for enhancing data integrity and security. 2025. doi: 10.4018/979-8-3373-1370-2.ch002.
[27] F. Anwar, B. U. I. Khan, M. L. B. M. Kiah, N. A. Abdullah, and K. W. Goh, “Comprehensive Insight into Blockchain Technology: Past Development, Present Impact and Future Considerations,” Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 878 – 907, 2022, doi: 10.14569/IJACSA.2022.01311101.
[28] S. Ramya, M. Doraipandian, and R. Amirtharajan, “SLAKA_CPS: Secured lightweight authentication and key agreement protocol for reliable communication among heterogenous devices in cyber-physical system framework,” Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl., vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 2675 – 2691, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s12083-024-01719-6.
[29] Y. O. Kareem, A. A. Sogbesan, and H. Quadri, Addressing security and privacy issues in cyber-physical systems. 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105014311554&partnerID=40&md5=921328b54b2611344eb40ed3f04a64b9
[30] S. Yin, J. Bao, Y. Zhang, and X. Huang, “M2M security technology of CPS based on blockchains,” Symmetry (Basel)., vol. 9, no. 9, 2017, doi: 10.3390/sym9090193.
[31] K. Gumber and M. Ghosh, “A Survey on Blockchain-Based Key Management Protocols,” Lect. Notes Networks Syst., vol. 731 LNNS, pp. 471 – 481, 2024, doi: 10.1007/978-981-99-4071-4_37.
[32] R. Vatambeti, N. S. Divya, H. R. Jalla, and M. V. Gopalachari, “Attack Detection Using a Lightweight Blockchain Based Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm in Cyber Systems,” Int. J. Saf. Secur. Eng., vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 745 – 753, 2022, doi: 10.18280/ijsse.120611.
[33] A. Dwivedi, R. Agarwal, M. Yahya, N. Alduaiji, and P. K. Shukla, “A blockchain-enabled encrypted neural network framework for trust-aware key management and node authentication in Industrial Internet of Things,” J. Supercomput., vol. 81, no. 9, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s11227-025-07566-3.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Cyber Security and Network Management

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


